@Article{CiCP-4-659,
author = {E. Chacon-Golcher and K. J. Bowers},
title = {Particle-in-Cell with Monte Carlo Collisions Gun Code Simulations of a Surface-Conversion H^− Ion Source},
journal = {Communications in Computational Physics},
year = {2008},
volume = {4},
number = {3},
pages = {659--674},
abstract = {<p style="text-align: justify;">We present an extended update on the status of a particle-in-cell with Monte
Carlo collisions (PIC-MCC) gun code developed at Los Alamos for the study of surface-converter H<sup>−</sup> ion sources. The program is fully kinetic. Some of the program&#39;s features
include: solution of arbitrary electrostatic and magnetostatic fields in an axisymmetric
(r,z) geometry to describe the self-consistent time evolution of a plasma; simulation
of a multi-species (e<sup>−</sup>, H<sup>+</sup>, H<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>&nbsp;, H<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>, H<sup>−</sup>) plasma discharge from a neutral hydrogen
gas and filament-originated seed electrons; full 2-dimensional (r,z) 3-velocity (v<sub>r</sub>, v<sub>z</sub>,
v<sub>φ</sub>) dynamics for all species; detailed collision physics between charged particles and
neutrals and the ability to represent multiple smooth (not stair-stepped) electrodes of
arbitrary shape and voltage whose surfaces may be secondary-particle emitters (H<sup>−</sup>and e<sup>−</sup>). The status of this development is discussed in terms of its physics content
and current implementation details.</p>},
issn = {1991-7120},
doi = {https://doi.org/},
url = {http://global-sci.org/intro/article_detail/cicp/7810.html}
}