@Article{CiCP-16-1056,
author = {Wei Leng, Lili Ju, Max Gunzburger and Stephen Price},
title = {A Parallel Computational Model for Three-Dimensional, Thermo-Mechanical Stokes Flow Simulations of Glaciers and Ice Sheets},
journal = {Communications in Computational Physics},
year = {2014},
volume = {16},
number = {4},
pages = {1056--1080},
abstract = {<p style="text-align: justify;">This paper focuses on the development of an efficient, three-dimensional,
thermo-mechanical, nonlinear-Stokes flow computational model for ice sheet simulation. The model is based on the parallel finite element model developed in [14] which
features high-order accurate finite element discretizations on variable resolution grids.
Here, we add an improved iterative solution method for treating the nonlinearity of the
Stokes problem, a new high-order accurate finite element solver for the temperature
equation, and a new conservative finite volume solver for handling mass conservation.
The result is an accurate and efficient numerical model for thermo-mechanical glacier
and ice-sheet simulations. We demonstrate the improved efficiency of the Stokes solver
using the ISMIP-HOM Benchmark experiments and a realistic test case for the Greenland ice-sheet. We also apply our model to the EISMINT-II benchmark experiments
and demonstrate stable thermo-mechanical ice sheet evolution on both structured and
unstructured meshes. Notably, we find no evidence for the &quot;cold spoke&quot; instabilities
observed for these same experiments when using finite difference, shallow-ice approximation models on structured grids.</p>},
issn = {1991-7120},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.4208/cicp.310813.010414a},
url = {http://global-sci.org/intro/article_detail/cicp/7072.html}
}